Test English-23

Instructions
1. The test comprises of 15 questions. You should complete the test within 20 minutes.
2. There is only one correct answer to each question.
3. All questions carry four marks each.
4. Each wrong answer will attract a penalty of one mark.

Direction for question number 1 to 5:
The passage given below is followed by a set of four questions. Choose the most appropriate answer to each question.

Among the evolutionists the questions of human origins is basically a question of when the divergence of the ape and human line s occurred, and what is the common ancestor looked like. For nearly 70 years following the publication of Darwin’s The origin of species, evolutionists sought answers to these questions in the fossil remains of the ancestral forms recovered from geological deposits. By the 1960 ‘s , extensive studies of such fossil bones , particularly humanoid skulls , yielded a widely accepted theory that humans had evolved from Ramapithecus on a line which had split from the apes some thirty million years ago. Since the 1960’s, however, this fossil-based scenario has been abandoned in favor of one based on biochemistry which put the man-ape spilt just 5 million years ago. Biochemists have used the genetic material DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of related living species to measure the amount of time, which had passed since they diverged from a common ancestor. This work is based on three findings: first, DNA accumulates random mutations and changes over time which are evident in the protein structure of all individuals of a species . Second, as two lineages diverge from a common ancestor each lineage accumulates changes tends to occur at a regular, at almost clock-like rate through time, insightful enquiries into the structures of DNA molecules over the last 50 years have revealed that the orangutan split away from the African humanoid stock about 12 million years ago, the gorilla from apes and humans about 8 million years ago.

1.Fossil–based findings put the man-ape split on a common descent at:

a. 40 million years ago
b. 10 million years ago
c. 5 million years ago
d. 30 million years ago
Ans: d

2.After Drawin published the origin of species, evolutionists wanted to know

a. When man first appeared on earth
b. When man and ape separated after descent from a common ancestor
c. What the common ancestor of man and ape looked like
d. Both [b] and [c]
Ans: d

3.All of the following are true except that:

a. DNA mutations are evident in the protein structure of all individuals in a species
b. DNA changes occur at almost clock-like intervals.
c. After a split from a common ancestor, DNA changes in one lineage differ from those of the other.
d. The orangutan and the African humanoid genetically from each other 8 million years ago.
Ans: d


4. Findings based on study of DNA molecules have fixed the man – ape divergence from a common descent at:

a. 10 million years ago
b. 7 million years ago
c. 5 million years ago
d. 1 million years ago
Ans: c

5. All of the following are true except:

a. Ramapithecus was a form, which had split from the ape on a common descent.
b. DNA studies establish that the gorilla lineage split from apes and humans 8 million years ago.
c. DNA is used to measure the time span that elapsed since two related living species separated from their respective different ancestors.
d. Fossil bones are remains of ancestral forms found in non-geological deposits.
Ans: d

6. Which according to the passage is more accurate in identifying man’s ancestor and his age?

a. DNA related research methods
b. Fossil – based research
c. Both [1] and [2]
d. None of the above
Ans: a

Direction for question number 7 to 11:

7. A growing are in the broader _________ of management is that of management consultancy.

a. Area
b. spectrum
c. channel
d. globe
Ans: b

8. The labor party is gaining ___________ in parliament.

a. Brickbats
b. scope
c. ascendancy
d. time
Ans: c

9. Her salary is _____________ with her ability and experience

a. Proportionate
b. equal
c. commiserate
d. commensurate
Ans: d

10. There’s a lot of ___________ in the world today, it’s difficult to judge who is veracious

a. Mendacity
b. munificence
c. mediocrity
d. mystery
Ans: a

11. The old worker received a ____________ from his boss for thirty years of valuable services

a. Vituperation
b. praise
c. panegyric
d. panacea
Ans: c

Direction for question number 12 to 15:
For each of the words below a contextual usage is provided from the lternatives given, pick the word or phrase that is closed in meaning in the given context.

12. ABASHED: Kalpana felt abashed by her inability to remember her lines while singing the school anthem.

a. Regretful
b. Ashamed
c. Dejected
d. Insulted
Ans: b

13. ACERBIC: The children sat silently as the teacher poured forth her acerbic comments on their pitiable performing in the exam

a. Mild
b.Appreciative
c. Caustic
d. Reprimanding
Ans: c

14. SANGUINE: The ebullient tennis champion remained sanguine in defeat ; he was so confident of himself that he viewed even defeat as a mere temporary setback.

a. Unperturbed
b. Serious
c. Cheerful
d. Firm
Ans: c

15. PROSAIC: The defense minister’s description of the war was so prosaic that it was hard for his countrymen to believe that any of the soldiers had even wounded, much less blown to smithereens.

a. lucid
b. detailed
c. dull
d. vivid
Ans: c